SOCIAL MENTALITY AND RESEARCHER THINKERS JOURNAL (SMART JOURNAL), Year 2021 Issue 53

FINDINGS ON THE WRITTEN COPY OF ÖMER'S BAHTIYAR-NÂME

Erdem SARIKAYA, — 2026-07-16

In Islamic literature, Bahtiyar-nâme, also known as the Story of the Ten Viziers, is the seen from the turn of the XIV. century. Sindbad-nâme is considered to be the source of these works written in verse or prose. One of the Bahtiyâr-nâmes written in verse is today registered in the Library of the Istanbul Archeology Museum. The work belongs to Omar b. Yahya Beg b. Mir-i ‘âlem. In the work, which shows the characteristics of mesnevi verse, there are also parts of poetry written in ghazal verse. The entire work consists of 2429 couplets. The fact that Bahtiyar, who was brought up by the thieves, met the ruler Âzâdebaht, took him to a state job with him, slept on the throne of the ruler one night, and in this state, telling a story every day in order to delay his execution after he was caught by the ruler, constitutes the event circles of the work. The work is worth examining in terms of language and orthographic features as well as in terms of literature. In this study, the copy of Bahtiyâr-nâme registered in the library of the Istanbul Archeology Museum; It will be examined under titles such as its physical features, author, name, reason for writing, the period in which it was written, language-spelling features, morphological features, number of couplets and sections.

ANALYSİS OF ANNUAL EXPENDİTURES OF SENİOR NURSİNG STUDENTS AND DETERMİNATİON OF THEİR CONTRİBUTİON TO THE REGİONAL ECONOMY

Serpil KAYA,, Sezgin ZABUN — 2026-07-16

Universities not only stimulate the city's economy, but also create new commercial income gates. Students coming together from different cities provide both cultural diversity and economic contribution. Purpose of the research; The aim is to determine the contribution of the senior nursing students to the regional economy by analyzing their annual expenditures. In the study, it was tried to reach the whole universe, and the survey method was preferred as a data collection tool. The questions regarding the determination of the expenditure amounts of the students were left open-ended in particular, and thus, the expenditure amounts were tried to be determined exactly. According to the results of the study; According to the 2018-2019 academic year expenditure distribution of nursing senior students, the total amount of expenditure is 240,970,00₺. It was determined that the highest expenditure item made by the students was "entertainment" with 100,652.00₺, and the lowest expense item was stationery with 55,398.00₺. The total number of students studying at the university is 47361 (excluding master's and doctorate). Assuming that they were in the province for eight months, it was determined that they contributed 8,392,369₺ to the provincial economy in approximately one year in terms of food, entertainment and stationery.

AN EXAMINATION ON THE MEANING AND VOICE CHANGE OF THE TURKISH DICTIONARY WORDS (ITEM OF A)

Ertuğrul KAYA, — 2026-07-16

It is natural for languages to take words from each other in line with their different relationships and needs. Foreign words are used as needed and may have a new response in the native language over time, or the existing form may be partially changed and continue to be used by becoming suitable for the conversation of the native language. In the study, the sound and meaning changes of the borrowed words in the Turkish Dictionary are discussed. It was questioned whether the changes in the loan words were within a rule or not, and the results obtained were classified and presented. In the review, item A was taken as basis. Sound changes in foreign words are presented in tables according to the sound events that occur. The method introduced under item A is aimed to be a model for the studies to be carried out under the other items.

FROM THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY TO KEMALIST REVOLUTION: AN OVERVIEW OF THE TURKISH HISTORY THESIS THEMED STUDIES IN BELLETEN JOURNAL BETWEEN 1937 AND 1938

Samed KURBAN, — 2026-07-16

In the period following the establishment and proclamation of the republic, it is seen that the Kemalist Revolution was engaged in an endeavour to create national historiography. As an outcome of such endeavour, a book titled Türk Tarihinin Ana Hatları (Outlines of Turkish History) was published in 1930. The main argument of this book is the Turkish History Thesis, which can be expressed with the concept "World civilization has passed from Central Asia and Turks to the other places and nations.". It is seen that the Turkish History Thesis was discussed in Belleten Journal from time to time, which was published by The History Foundation of Turkey and named by Atatürk. Such articles were intensified especially in 1937 when the journal was published, and the following year. Afet İnan, İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı, and Şemsettin Günaltay published articles on this subject in Belleten Journal. In this study, the studies relating to the Turkish History Thesis discussed by the subject historians in Belleten Journal in 1937 and 1938 will be evaluated in a multidimensional context within the context of the criticisms on such thesis.

THE IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH TOURISM IN SERVICES EXPORT: ISTANBUL PROVINCE PRIVATE HOSPITALSPRACTICE

Hasan PEKTAŞ,, Hazar DÖRDÜNCÜ — 2026-07-16

In recent years, along with globalization, the technological developments in communication networks, improvements in transportation facilities, the increase in the elderly population in the world particularly in developed countries, the long treatment periods, the widespread use of health literacy, the protection of existing health, the increase in the need for access to health services and the increasing costs have gradually increased the importance of health (medical) tourism in the context of services export. The studies carried out and efforts made in Turkey in recent years for the development of the health sector has given rise to the development of health tourism day by day and to the number of individuals coming to Turkey to receive health services. In addition, it is stated that the foreign currency income to the country provided by health tourism has been increased and it is expected to continue increasing. In this research, the current practices of private hospitals providing inpatient treatment services in Istanbul, which is an important city for health tourism, are discussed. Through interviews and obtained qualitative data; it is aimed to find out which branches of private hospitals in Istanbul the medical tourists come for and why they prefer this city. It is also aimed to determine the current status of the determinants in the exportation of health services, such as the branding strategies of private hospitals, which are service providers, the adequacy of their technological infrastructure, the employment of qualified labor and the quality of service they provide. The analytical results of the study show that the most important reason for choosing a hospital is the affordability. On the other hand, the results show that although the hospitals are found to be sufficient in terms of technological infrastructure, there are encountered inadequacies in terms of foreign language and personnel qualification; besides the geographical location and the ease of transportation are found to be important factors affecting patients’ preferences. Considering that within the scope of health services, there are limited studies on private hospitals in relation to health services export, this study constitutes an important resource for hospitals providing inpatient treatment in Istanbul not only to provide effective service, but also to develop strategies that can be efficient.

INVESTIGATION OF REJECTION SENSITIVITY AND VIOLENCE TENDENCIES ACCORDING TO ATTACHMENT STYLES IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Hazal KANDEMİR,, Binnaz KIRAN — 2026-07-16

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between rejection sensitivity and violence tendency levels according to the attachment styles of university students. Another aim of the study is to examine the relationship of gender variable with attachment styles, rejection sensitivity and tendency to violence. The sample of the research, which is a relational screening model, consists of 342 students studying at Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Tarsus University, Toros University and Çağ University. Personal information form, Relationship Scales questionnaire, Rejection Sensitivity and Violence Tendency scales were applied to the participants. In order to examine whether the rejection sensitivity and violence tendency examined in the study differ according to attachment styles and gender, the two-way analysis of variance; Tukey test was used to find the source of the differences. According to the findings of the study, it was found that individuals' sensitivity to rejection did not differ according to gender, but individuals with anxious attachment style had high rejection sensitivity. Looking at the findings about violence tendency, it was found that the mean scores of violence tendency of women and participants with a secure attachment style were low. A relationship was found between attachment styles, sensitivity to rejection, and tendency to violence.

TURKEY'S MEMBERSHIP IN BAGHDAD PACT WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF NEOREALIST THEORY

Altun ALTUN, — 2026-07-16

While the popularism of realism increased as an alternative theory for idealism after the Second World War, the change in the international balances resulted in the criticism of realism in the 1970s. These criticisms caused the revision of realism and the emergence of neorealism. The neorealist school as a sub-branch of the realist school focuses on explaining the system rather than government's behaviors. However, it also accepts the basic assumptions of classical realism that international policy has an anarchic structure, the government is the only actor, security is the most important political sphere, and material sources of power are the fundamentals. When we look at Turkey's foreign policy during the Cold War, it seems possible to generalize under the neorealist theory, especially regarding the 1950s, that systemic bipolar structure was more efficient than internal dynamics. The choice of the western bloc brought Turkey to the point of acting together with the West in Middle East policy, as well. The power balance that emerged after the Second World War had an impact on the governments' behaviors; accordingly, Turkey's balancing the Soviets resulted in an alliance with the USA. Turkey became a member of the Baghdad Pact with certain countries in the region such as Iraq and Iran with the attendance of Pakistan and England, thus becoming an important implementer of the USA's containment policy in the Middle East. This study deals with Turkey's membership in the Baghdad Pact within the context of the basic assumptions of neorealism.

INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING TEACHER VOCATIONAL LEARNING

Emre HIRAOĞLU,; Sevil HIRAOĞLU; Abdullah Kamil SATICI , Özlem USLU — 2026-07-16

The aim of this research is toreveal the factors that affect teachers' Professional learning. A total of 10 teachers working in primary and secondary schools participated in this study which was designed in qualitative research method and case study design. A semi-structured interview form will be used to collect the research data. Data analysis will be carried out using content analysis and descriptive analysis. As a result of the research, data and results on the factors affecting the Professional learning of the teacher will be obtained.

WORLD WAR I AND THE ARAB UPRISING 1914-1918

Yaşar CANATAN, — 2026-07-16

It was still unclear what shape the battle would take in 1915. In an interview he made later, Faysal described this situation in the capital Istanbul as follows; Everyone asked me to return to Arabia immediately and warn my father of these dire circumstances that were driving the adventures of the Empire. At that time, the Turks were carrying their archives and important state-related values to Anatolia. As such, I decided to join the extremists (who were advocating nationalist Arab demands) and return to Mecca from Istanbul as soon as possible to help my father, Sharif Hussein, save Arabia.

MEDIA EFFECT ON FORMATION OF FOOD SAFETY AWARENESS: CASE OF KARAMAN PROVINCE

Abdülkadir DİLBER,, Fadime DİLBER — 2026-07-16

In recent years, the diversity in food products has increased in parallel with the growth in the food sector. However, it has emerged that consumers need to be more conscious and sensitive in this regard. Accordingly, food safety and safe food issues have become more important. Today, food safety is perceived as an international issue and countries are making great efforts to take the necessary measures to ensure food safety. The effects of the media are very important in the formation of food safety awareness. This study was conducted among consumers living in the city center of Karaman. It was conducted to evaluate the effect of the media on the food safety awareness of the consumers in their preferences for food products.

A total of 420 people, including 197 men and 223 women, participated in the study. The data obtained in the study were evaluated with the SPSS program. The findings are as follows; The participants (48.8%) stated that they had knowledge about food safety and (49.5%) the media was effective in raising awareness of food safety. We can say that consumers think that the media is effective in informing about food safety. We can say that they attach importance to the news about food in the media (p=0.046) and that female participants (59.7%) are mostly affected by the news about food safety in the media. The factors that the participants pay attention to when buying food products; It can be said that the ease of use/preparation of the product is effective (p=0.000), they examine the additives (p=0.022) and the Ministry pays attention to the names of counterfeit and adulterating brands published in the media (p=0.006). The public of the news about food safety in the media; It is possible to say that he attaches importance to the propositions that cause anxiety and raise awareness about the importance of food safety.

ONLINE LANGUAGE COURSES DURING THE PANDEMIC PROCESS MÜSDAV ACADEMY EXAMPLE

Seyhan ÖZSOY, — 2026-07-16

In the world we live in, the need to know a foreign language is increasing day by day. With the development of technology, this field has gained a different dimension. In Turkey, educational studies are being developed according to this need. This study is about language courses launched online to meet the needs of the Presidency of Religious Affairs for overseas assignments. Statistical information about the language courses held during the pandemic period, the characteristics of the trainees, and evaluations about the courses are included. In this context, Arabic and academic education are also briefly mentioned.

In order for these courses to reach their goal, it is aimed to get to know the trainees well. Therefore, learning the statistical information, opinions and expectations of the participants in online language courses will increase the quality of these trainings. As a result of the evaluation of these questionnaires, it is aimed to contribute to the planning of new training processes by taking into account the wishes, interests, opinions, expectations and suggestions of the participants. The scope of the study is limited to Müsdav Akademi online language courses.

ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL EVALUATION OF FOSSIL FUEL ALTERNATIVE ELECTRIC VEHICLES WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PARIS AND GLASGOW AGREEMENTS

Servet ÖZKAN, — 2026-07-16

The automotive industry, which contributes to the economic growth of the world, is an industrial area that has been developing steadily since the 1800s and up to the present day. The development of this industry has led to the development of many related sectors. The spread of internal combustion engines, which are the turning point of the automotive sector, has made a significant contribution to today's economy. However, today, instead of these internal combustion fossil fuel vehicles, which are known to cause serious damage to climate change and the atmosphere, the production of environmentally friendly vehicles powered by renewable energy is on the agenda. In October 1992, the Kyoto Protocol was adopted as an annex to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and entered into force in 2005. The Paris Climate Agreement was adopted in 2015 and the Glasgow Agreement was adopted in early November 2021, aiming to reduce the use of fossil fuels to zero in the period up to 2030 and 2050. Awareness and awareness about the production of renewable energy for a cleaner and more comfortable world and life have increased, and about 195 countries have pledged to make efforts in this area. jul. In the first place, automotive and electric vehicle production in the transport sector air pollutants, which are starting to grow rapidly in other areas of the agreement which will continue through the abandonment of the use of fossil fuel on the target of pre-industrial is intended to contribute to the formation of natural balance. Fulfilling the requirements of these agreements means that countries incur serious economic and financial costs. The reasons for the costs to be incurred in this context of climate change for future generations and avoid the disasters that humanity will be cleaner, healthier and more prosperous world is perceived as a cost to leave.

INDIVIDUALS' OPINIONS ON THE PROBLEM OF MARITAL INFIDELITY AND PROPOSALS FOR SOLUTIONS

Ahmet ÜSTÜN,, Dilek ÖZTÜRK ÖZER — 2026-07-16

The purpose of this study is to examine in depth the views of married individuals on the causes of infidelity, which negatively affects the integrity of the family institution, which forms the basis of the society, and the solutions for its prevention. For this purpose, during the study, the researchers sought answers to these questions “What is the definition of infidelity in marriage by individuals? What are the situations that cause infidelity? What can be done to prevent infidelity?” This study was carried out with the qualitative research method. The study group of the research consists of 6 women and 6 men who differ in ages, professions and the number of marriages they have made. The information obtained by the semi-structured interview method was analyzed in line with the descriptive point of view. According to the analysis, the participants put forward positive and negative perspectives when describing infidelity in marriage. While 90 % of the female participants defined cheating with a negative perspective, 10 % made a positive definition. 67 % of male participants made a negative point of view and 33 % made a positive description. Generally, infidelity or cheating in marriage is defined as immorality and disrespect according to some participants, while it is defined as a normal need fulfillment situation according to others. Participants who expressed their opinions about the causes of infidelity in marriage focused on spiritual phenomena such as lack of love, disrespect, lack of empathy, conscience and interest, monotony in the relationship, stress and lack of self-confidence. In the answers given to the question about the solution proposals for the prevention of infidelity in marriage, suggestions such as treating each other with sincerity and empathy, showing love, respect and interest, and providing a tolerant and peaceful family environment were revealed.

THE REFLECTIONS OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY ON CHILDREN IN EARLY CHILDHOOD AND CHANGING CHARACTERISTICS

Fatma AVCI, — 2026-07-16

The early childhood period covers the 0-8 years of human life. In the studies that make comparisons between the past and the present within the framework of the needs of early childhood children, it is emphasized that the needs of today's children are quite different from those of previous generations. The children of our age, who are thought to have a future for themselves and to display different characteristics from previous generations, due to the developments (technology age, digitalization, digital culture, etc.) in the twenty-first century, in terms of their thought and value systems in the infrastructure of social, cultural, familial and economic variables. There are differences when compared.

CONCEPTUAL INTEGRATION AND SEMANTIC DEPTH CREATION IN GRAPHIC DESIGN

Tarık YAZAR,, Aslı İNANLI — 2026-07-16

In the graphic design discipline, transforming complex events or ideas into memorable messages with simple, original and interesting methodologies with a conceptual approach is expressed as successful communication. In the design process; in order to make a difference with a creative and innovative approach in process management, it is necessary to perceive, think and see the current problem correctly. In todays technology age, it is not enough to communicate only based on information, but the questioning of the semantic (intrinsic) and formal dimension, the necessity of "conceptual thinking" methods and analyzes for the development of different approaches and methods that come to the fore with original solutions are seen as one of the current problems in the graphic design process. Questioning the relationship between conceptual blending and integration, which is included in the basic contents that make up the conceptual thinking dimension, and understanding how this process is integrated with imaginative thinking and creating a semantic depth from this perspective, point to a very important theme in terms of correctly perceiving the thought in the background of the process in graphic design. This study is positioned on the conceptual blending and integration, which is on the main axis of the conceptual thinking dimensions, and the concept - form - meaning relationship. The topics in this spectrum are important in terms of producing ideas in graphic design, integrating concepts and thinking, and questioning semantic depth.

OPINIONS OF RELIGIOUS EDUCATION TEACHERS ON TECHNOLOGY AND MATERIAL USE

Adem GÜNEŞ,, Betül İNCE — 2026-07-16

The purpose of this research is to reveal the opinions of the teachers of Religious Culture and Moral Knowledge and imam hatip vocational courses about the use of instructional technology and materials. A qualitative research was carried out in line with the determined purpose. The pattern of the research; It was determined as a case study and interview technique was used as a data collection tool. Interviews were conducted with a semi-structured interview form. The research was carried out with 32 teachers working in different types of schools in Rize in 2019 and determined using the snowball method. The data obtained in line with the answers given by the teachers were evaluated through descriptive analysis and content analysis. According to the results of the research, it has been found that although teachers consider the use of instructional technology and materials in religious teaching necessary and beneficial in many ways, they find themselves and the training they receive inadequate in this regard. In addition, It was concluded that the teachers wanted the DÖGM to enrich their material portals.

EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF WORK LIFE AND ORGANIZATIONAL HAPPINESS

Elif ELMAS,, Kaya YILDIZ — 2026-07-16

The purpose of this research; is to determine the relation between teachers' occupational life quality and their organizational happiness.Population of the research consists of the official elementary school, secondary school and high school teachers who situated in İstanbul province Küçükçekmece district in the first term of 2020-2021 academic year. Research sample is constituted of total 606 teachers who are chosen with random sampling method. For attaining the research data "Occupational Life Quality Scale" and "Organizational Happiness Scale" are benefited. On the research result, it is concluded that the teachers' occupational life quality perceptions are in "High"level. From the sub-dimensions of occupational life quality scale for the dimensions of "Occupation Career Satisfaction", "Being able to control the work", "Working Conditions", and "Domestic Life Balance" it is determined that teacher perceptions are in "High" level; as for the "General Well Being" and "Stress in Occupational Life" it is determined in "Medium" level. It is also concluded that teachers' organizational happiness perceptions are in "Medium" level. From the sub-dimensions of organizational happiness scale, in the dimension of "Positive Feelings" it is determined that teacher perceptions are in "Medium" level, in the dimension of "Negative Feelings" it is "Low" and in the dimension of "Developing the Potential" their perceptions are in a "High" level. A generally meaningful relation between teachers' occupational life quality and their organizational happiness have been determined. It is concluded that teachers' occupational life quality perceptions predict the organizational happiness perceptions in a meaningful level.

LEAN HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT: VALUE FLOW MAPING AND APPLICATION IN A BED SERVICE

İsmail DALAY,, Hatice AŞÇI — 2026-07-16

As one of the modern management approaches Total Quality Management and Lean Management aims at adopting the principle of continuous improvement by providing customer and employee safety and satisfiction; distance from non-value added processes (wastes); being timely and fast and thus providing a complete production. This approach has been implemented in healthcare worldwide by creating a Lean Management Model in hospitals. In our country, the reasons such us disruption in health instutions, delay in diagnosis and diagnostics, repetitive work forming non-value activities and related dissatisfaction make it necessary to adopt Total Quality Management and Lean Management principles. This study was carried out in a Health Sciences University Training and Research Hospital’s Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic with beds. With the data obtained from the observations during the processes of the patients, a current status map was created by using Value Stream Mapping method. In line with the principles of Lean Hospital Management, the Future Status Map was shaped and adapted to the process. A comparison was made between the two maps , the operation was evaluated and suggestions were made accordingly.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNSHIP AND PROFESSIONAL COMMITMENT: A FOCUS GROUP WORK

Gökhan BİLİCİ,, Nuray BİLİCİ — 2026-07-16

Before starting a job, the internship creates a roadmap for the students about the general structure and functioning of the job. The aim of this study is to examine whether the experiences gained during the internship period of the students who have completed their compulsory internship education can reflect their theoretical knowledge and skills in the field of banking and insurance into practice, and to evaluate their effects on professional commitment, professional expectation and the future. Two separate groups were formed from the students of the "Banking and Insurance" program of two different vocational schools affiliated to Selcuk University, and the study was analyzed by focus group interview, which is one of the qualitative research methods. As a result of the questions asked to the participants within the scope of the focus group interview and the answers received, it was understood that there is a strong relationship between internship and professional commitment. Internship students create professional awareness by closely seeing many variables in terms of professional knowledge and experience.

TURKISH DOCUMENTARY CINEMA FIRST REPRESENTATIVE FUAT UZKINAY; THE TRADITION OF PROPAGANDA IN DOCUMENTARY CINEMA, RUSSIAN MONUMENT DESTROYED IN AYASTEFANOS

Begum SAVCİN,, S.Burak SAVÇIN — 2026-07-16

Recording the truth was done with the art of painting before the invention of the camera. These document painters documented the life of the period, social events or instant events and transferred their impressions to the canvas. This phenomenon was replaced by the invention of photography. The first use of motion picture film took its place in history with the "Worker's Exit from the Lumiere Factory" made by the brothers Auguste & Louis Lumiere in 1895. According to Paul Rotha, the documentary film must had to wait for directors with artistic concerns. The first documentary film concept was interpreted in the New York Sun magazine (February 8, 1926) as John Grierson's movie 'Moana'. (Susam, 2015:, p. 127). The first Turkish documentary film, on the other hand, is considered to be the one showing the still controversial "Destruction of the Russian Monument in San Stefano". Turkish documentary director Fuat Uzkınay documented these images on November 14, 1914, but the images have not survived until today. Within the scope of this research, Fuat Uzkınay, the representative of the 'First Turkish Documentary Cinema', and the destruction of the First Turkish Documentary Ayastefanos Russian Monument will be discussed within the scope of the propaganda tradition in documentary cinema. As a result, the documentary "The Collapse of the Russian Monument in San Stefano", which took its place as the first Turkish documentary in the history of Turkish Cinema, also has the distinction of being the first Turkish documentary shot despite all the controversy. Because this film contains the Propaganda Tradition in terms of shooting purpose and mass display.

“HOW MANLY ARE YOU?” SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY

Yonca ALTINDAL, — 2026-07-16

In analyzing the educational structure of Australian society, it is necessary to touch upon the concept of ‘hegemonic masculinity’, which is very important in terms of sociology and women's studies disciplines created by Raweyn Connell, and the main arguments about the importance of this concept, especially in the field of media. Hegemonic masculinity refers to a critical view of the gender roles that are set for men and women in general. The norms of male behavior are based on such values as courage, aggression, independence, technological skill, group solidarity, adventure, mental and physical endurance. It is underlined that these behavioral patterns or gender roles have imposed a single form of masculinity. The point that decouples the concept of hegemonic masculinity from the studies of critical masculinity is the attempt to establish a connection between the definition of masculinity and the concept of hegemony. The concept is a very important assessment in terms of the fact that historically it has included social changes and transformations, as well as in class relations and gender phenomena. Therefore, it is possible to say that the concept of hegemonic masculinity is directly related to socially and culturally constructed body policies. In this study, before examining how this concept is used by Connell, the contents of the concept of hegemony will be discussed, and then sociological phenomen about the areas in which the concept of hegemonic masculinity is used and their contents will be shared.

THE REPRESENTATION AND CHANGE OF WOMEN IN TURKISH-GERMAN CINEMA BETWEEN 1980-2010

Fulden İNANLI, — 2026-07-16

The problems faced by women in patriarchal societies arise as a result of negative discrimination based on gender. Gender roles are presented as a reflection of patriarchal organizations in the cinema that mirrors the society. In this sense, women's struggle for existence turns into a political struggle and women fight against masculine mentality in order to gain their individual identity in every field. Negative discrimination suffered by women continues to exist in major events that concern the society as well as in daily life. The labor migration that started to take place from Turkey to Germany in 1961 is one of the examples of this issue. The migration adventure of the Turkish people has led to intercultural interaction and changes in the family structure. Cinema, which was not indifferent to this change, talked about the problems of the workers who went to Germany and their families.

STUDENT OPINIONS ON DISTANCE EDUCATION OF MATHEMATICS DURING THE COVID-19 EPIDEMIC

Sevil FİLİZ,; Fatma Sevgi AYDIN , Meryem MUTLU ŞAHİN — 2026-07-16

Countries have tried to take a series of measures against the corona virus (Covid-19), which spread rapidly from China to the whole world. In Turkey, schools were suspended as of March 16, and the education that should be given face to face at school continued in the form of distance education. In this study, the views of secondary school 7th grade students on the teaching of mathematics lessons by distance education during the Covid-19 pandemic were examined. For this purpose, case study design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. The study was carried out in Yenimahalle, Ankara. For the study, the criterion sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used. Questions about the research were asked to the students in groups via zoom. focus group discussion was conducted. In the study, the data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed with the descriptive analysis technique. As a result of the research, it was seen that most of the students found the distance education lesson useful in terms of benefiting from the technological opportunities that are not available in the classroom, but they had difficulty in attending the lesson due to internet or device-related problems. In addition, it has been seen that the majority of the students' views that the content of the course and the materials are sufficient are predominant.

THE FOUNDATIONS OF REFORMING THE SOCIAL FABRIC BETWEEN THE RULER AND THE PEOPLES; STUDY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY

Ibrahim SALKINI, — 2026-07-16

When the conflict between rulers and peoples develops to an advanced level of armed conflict, and blood flows between the two parties, restoring the social fabric to normality is extremely difficult and complex, and each party looks at the other's policies in suspicion; revenge and grudges precede reason and logic. External interventions contribute in promoting fragmentation and disintegration of society. This makes it necessary to study ways to reform the social fabric of those countries after the violent armed conflict era, re-construct the societal structure again, and put forward a different and novel vision that averts the possibilities of conflict in the future. The research dealt with the dialectic of reform from top to bottom or vice versa, the dialectic of sitting with rulers without subordination to them, the problem of getting out of the cycle of ignorance, self-control, moderation in presentation, reducing the pace of hostility to religion among the rulers, raising the level of religious awareness among peoples, and other issues which restore the structure of society anew. This topic was approached through the following themes: First theme: reforming the political authority Second theme: reforming people Third theme: reducing the gap between the authority and the people

THE CONCEPT OF “CÜRÜM” (CRIME) IN THE QUR’AN WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THE SCIENCE OF WUJUH AND NAZÂIR

Roula ALHAMDO, — 2026-07-16

This article explains how the concept of “Cürüm” (crime) in the Qur'an is handled within the scope of the science of wujuh (several meanings of the same word) and nazâir (several different words having same meaning). In the article, we first explained the meaning of the sciences of wujuh and nezair in the dictionary and their meanings as religious terms. Then we showed the care that the scholars gave to these sciences and how they classified them. We talked about the most important books written in these branches of science. In addition, we explained the importance of the science of wujuh and nazair and the importance of this knowledge in knowing the meanings of the verses in the Qur'an and in interpreting the verses correctly, and how the science of wujuh and nazair emerged in verses when some words are mentioned in different places in verses and suras. Afterwards, we explained the relationship between the science of wujuh and nezair and the science of tafsir, and its important role in knowing the reason and purpose of the revelation of the verses in the book of Allah. Then, we explained the dictionary meaning and the conceptual meaning of the concept of crime. Then, we explained other words such as idolatry, guilt, homosexuality that express a crime in the Qur'an. We have clarified the words such as “crime”, “criminal” and “criminals” associated with the concept of crime by supporting them with examples from the verses and suras in the Qur'an. We explained the individual and social types of crime and how they were expressed in the Qur'an and we explained the difference between them. Furthermore, we presented the characteristics of criminals as Allah Almighty explains in His sublime book. After that, we explained the punishment that Allah will give to the criminals in this world and in the hereafter. At the end of the article, we have revealed important results about the concept and meaning of crime within the scope of the science of wujuh and nezair.