SOCIAL MENTALITY AND RESEARCHER THINKERS JOURNAL (SMART JOURNAL), Year 2020 Issue 38

EDUCATION OF SYRIAN REFUGEES IN TERMS OF BASIC FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION

Beyhan ZABUN, — 2026-07-16

In the current study, the formal education of the Syrian children living in Turkey who are in the position of refugees under temporary protection was investigated sociologically in terms of the two basic dimensions of social integration. Social integration are regarded in two dimensions as functional and spiritual. According to official data, there are almost 4 million Syrians living in Turkey. The integration of 4 million people to the social structure is a hard process with all its dimensions. Education is the most important instrument of the Integration process. One of the significant functions of formal education is to make the individual a member of community. Being a sociological phenomenon, integration corresponds with the social integration and the objectives of education. While socialization and cultural heritage transfer, as the objectives of education, aims at spiritual integration, the purpose of political function, economic function and the function of developing the individual are functional integration.

ANALYSING THE STATEMENTS OF HEALTH MINISTER FAHRETTIN KOCA IN A MONTHLY PERIOD FOLLOWING THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PANDEMIC RELATED TO CORONA VIRUS ON MARCH 11, 2020

İsmail Cem FERİDUNOĞLUİsmail Cem FERİDUNOĞLU, — 2026-07-16

The world is under pressure from the new COVID-19 outbreak. Turkey is the eighteenth most populous country in the world and is predicted to be significantly affected over a longer period of time. In April March 11-April 11, in order to document and understand how people in Turkey access news and information about COVID – 19, we examine the reliability of different sources and platforms, their information and reflections on the coronavirus crisis, and the content analysis of the statements of the Minister of health, Mr. Fahrettin Koca, in the early stages of the global pandemic. It is clear that senior politicians have a particular responsibility to ensure that they communicate clearly, accurately and honestly about the pandemic. If they don't, the consequences could be serious as people will misunderstand the situation and put themselves, their loved ones and their communities at greater risk.

INNOVATIVE PERCEPTİONS OF THERMAL TOURISM ADMINISTRATORS

Abdulsamet DURAN,; Çetin BEKTAŞ , İlker KILIÇ — 2026-07-16

As in every sector, competition in the thermal tourism sector is increasing day by day. In the research, it was aimed to reveal the perspective and applications of thermal tourism enterprises operating in Central Anatolia on innovation strategies. Considering the projects carried out and planned, the number of thermal facilities in the region is expected to increase gradually. For this reason, the survival of existing thermal facilities in a period when the competition conditions will become tough depends on the introduction of new goods, services and processes. In this context, it was aimed to determine the level of awareness of business managers regarding these factors. The descriptive analysis technique was used in the research conducted with the qualitative method. The data were obtained from the managers of the thermal tourism facility within the scope of the research, by e-mail, telephone or face-to-face interviews. According to the findings, it can be said that the innovation perceptions of business managers are generally at a good level. In addition, it was concluded that customer requests and complaints stand out as the source of innovative studies in enterprises. Finally, it can be said that business managers have a positive view of the potential of the sector and they have a prepared structure for future competition conditions.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN THE AVIATION SECTOR: THE CASE OF THOMAS COOK COMPANY

Hakan RODOPLU,, Büşra AKTEKİN — 2026-07-16

Crisis is a very serious process that usually occurs suddenly, has negative consequences in the context of different effects of internal and environmental factors, and can even cease the existence of the company. Especially the aviation sector is a branch of business that is relatively more affected by crises due to its unique and fragile structure. Aviation sector stakeholders should include measures for these possible non-routine developments in their strategic plans to be prepared for sudden and radical changes in areas such as information technologies, competitive conditions, natural disasters and epidemics, business model, customer expectations and management skills. To operate successfully in a competitive and fragile market with an integrated business model, each of which requires different competencies, especially in tourism management, tour operator and air transport, requires an extremely effective and comprehensive crisis management strategy. In this study, the basic facts that led Thomas Cook company, which has a history of nearly two centuries and has been operating in the fields of international tourism, tour operator and air transportation, to bankruptcy as a result of the failure that experienced during the crisis the company fell into, were analyzed in the context of crisis management strategies.

FERASHET BAGS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

Melda ÖZDEMİR,, Emine ODABAŞI — 2026-07-16

Handicrafts are a cultural treasure documenting the artistic tastes, cultures, value judgements, aesthetical aspects, world views and life styles of a country since the beginning of history. Art of leather trade that is among handicrafts, has developed since the existence of mankind. In ancient times humans had utilized the leather of the animals they hunted for eating and protecting. The Turks processed leather and turned it into a product. By this way leather acquired functions that could respond to needs and paved the way for producing quality works of art within history. In addition the sustainability and fabric-like soft tissue of leather caused it to be used in many products. This paper discussed ten Ferashet bags and aimed to determine and introduce their properties such as year, size, adornment, material, technic and color and provide a source for further studies.

A FIELD RESEARCH ON THE GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS OF COMPANIES IN TERMS OF CUSTOMERS

Ramazan YILDIZ,, Ahmet Orkun GÖKTEPE — 2026-07-16

In order to survive in internal and external environmental conditions, enterprises have to produce to fulfill customer needs and requests. In the production processes, while natural resources are consumed, our environment is polluted. Due to environmental pollution, climate change and natural disasters, famines and outbreaks such as Covid-19 occurring. While meeting people's needs and desires, on the other hand, supply chain operations should be carried out in a way that will cause the least harm to the environment. At this point, all parties should act with the understanding of green supply chain. The purpose of this study is; "It is the Determination of the Performance Perceptions of the Customers of the Businesses on Green Supply Chain Management". The study was carried out in Çanakkale Province Yenice District. For the research data, alongside 14 demographic questions, 36 questions in 6 Likert scale were asked to the participants. As a result of the analysis of the data, the green supply chain profiles of the enterprises were created by the customers. Green supply chain applications of businesses and business performance criteria have been evaluated. It has been determined that the environmental management policies of the enterprises have a great effect on the environmental and financial performance of the enterprises. In addition, 21.5% of the respondents believe that waste and environmental pollution have no effect on the COVID-19 outbreak.

EFFECTS OF HEDGE FUND PERFORMANCES ON THE RETURNS OF THE FOLLOWING PERIOD

İsrafil ZOR,, Aykan COŞKUN — 2026-07-16

The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of Hedge Fund Performances on the returns of the following period. In the frame of this purpose, performance measurement ratios were calculated for 12 countries with uninterrupted data related to Hedge Fund, market and risk- free returns for the 20 years between 1999 and 2018. In this study, return of Hedge Funds for the following periods were used as the dependent variable, and Information Ratio, Calmar Ratio, M2Performance Measure, Jensen’s Alpha Measure, Sharpe Ratio, Sortino Ratio, Sterling Ratio, and Treynor Index were used as the independent variables. Balanced panel was used in the study. In the light of the findings obtained, performance measurement ratios based on the total risk including Sharpe and Sortino Ratios, and the performance measurement ratios of Treynor Index based on the systematic risk were determined as the significant independent variables. Furthermore, it was concluded that return of Hedge funds with lower Sharpe Ratios increased in the following periods, while the returns of those with higher ratios decreased; Sortino Ratios and Treynor Index had a parallel course with returns of funds.

AN EXAMINATION ON THE SOCIAL FUNCTION OF MOTHER TONGUE EDUCATION

Görkem YARGÜL,; Ali KAZAK; Elif KUMBASAR , Ayça KURT HATIRNAZ — 2026-07-16

The education institution has attained its current structure by differentiating according to the periods in history. By this direction education is considered as one of the basic institution for understanding and evaluating the society. Education fulfills many functions in modern society. These functions ensure that education becomes an irreplaceable institution in cultural, ideological, economic and psychological care for individuals and society. Through this institution, a healthy, safe and predictable society is created and its continuity is ensured. Transferring the mother tongue to young people within a curriculum in schools where the educational institution has gained a systematic structureis is an almost universal phenomenon. In this context, it is known that mother tongue education fulfills many functions in society. In this article, these functions are discussed as improving the cognitive level, creating national awareness and identity and transferring cultural values and judgments.

PRODUCTION AND INTRA-FAMİLY COMMUNICATION IN HOME LIFE IN COVID -19 ISOLATION PROCESS

Yakup TOKTAY,; Hatice ÖKSÜZ , Lara KIRMUSAOĞLU — 2026-07-16

Epidemics has emerged as problems that has significant demographic, social, political and economic consequences that has deeply affected human communities throughout history. With Covid-19 outbreak that spread to the whole world, by starting from Wuhan city of China on December 31, 2019, social mobility came to a halt, companies and educational institutions had to continue their activities remotely thanks to the new communication technologies and the internet. Therefore, people had to entered a quarantine process in their living spaces, to live an isolated life from social life also to control their daily routines remotely. In this study; In-depth communication with 8 people from different age groups, gender, marital status and different sectors and inter-family communication and production relations, together with the most natural consequences of the epidemic period, were questioned. As a result, the communication process has gained a different dimension with the new communication technologies. It has been observed that the way we communicate in the isolation process has changed and the use of the internet has increased significantly. Also, as a result of the interviews, social media, which was exposed to negative criticism that it had negative effects on inter-family communication before the epidemic period, take on a task a unifying role by allowing individuals to carry out their communication through these channels during the epidemic period.

MENTAL MODELS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ABOUT THE CONCEPT OF MELTING

Tuğçe DURMUŞ,, Necla DÖNMEZ USTA — 2026-07-16

The aim of this study is to determine the mental models of primary third and fourth grade students for the concept of melting. For this purpose, the study was carried out in the 2016-2017 academic year with 100 students studying in the third and fourth grades of a primary school located in the Central Halfeli District of Igdir province, which is affiliated to the Ministry of Education. Of the sample, 39 are third-grade students and 61 are fourth-grade students. The research was conducted using the special case study method. Drawings were used as a data collection tool. Data has been analyzed through generated rubrics. By examining the data obtained, it was determined that students had misconceptions about the concept of melting. Besides, it was found that drawings made by third-grade students at the scientific level accounted for 39.3% of the group, and drawings made by fourth-grade students at the scientific level accounted for 8.1% of the group. In line with the results obtained, it was proposed to increase mental model studies onat the diffirent concepts first level of primary education.

STUDENTS ENTERING ATATURK UNIVERSITY WITH SPECIAL APTITUDE TEST STUDENTS WHO TAKE THE OSYM CENTER PLACEMENT EXAM COMPARISON OF ASSERTIVENESS CONDITIONS

Murat TURAN, — 2026-07-16

In this study, it was aimed to compare the assertiveness of the students of the Faculty of sports sciences and the Faculty of Fine Arts who entered Ataturk University with a special talent exam and the students of the Faculty of economic and Administrative Sciences and the Faculty of Science and literature who entered the OSYM center placement exam. The survey technique, which consists of two parts, was used in the research. In Chapter One, participants are asked questions about their demographic characteristics, in the second part, the “Rathus assertiveness inventory” scale, developed by Rathus (1973) and adapted to Turkish by Voltan (1980), consists of 30 items and 6 options of likert type. Frequency analysis was performed to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants, Skewness and Kurtosis tests were performed to determine the normal distribution suitability of the scales. Data collection tools were applied to a total of 256 students, including 135 men and 121 women, consisting of students studying at Ataturk University in 2019. As a result of the analyses, assertiveness States (-0.28), (, 978) were found to be non-differentiating in assertiveness status and total score according to gender. In addition, in terms of maternal profession variable, assertiveness status and total score (.014) significant differences were found in favor of public personnel participants.

THE EFFECT OF ECONOMİC PROMİSES AND ACTİONS ON THE DOMİNANT PARTY SYSTEM İN THE LİGHT OF THE JUSTİCE AND DEVELOPMENT PARTY PERİOD

Abdulkadir CESUR, — 2026-07-16

Various classifications related to party systems are met with in the political science literature. One of the types of party system taked in among these classifications is the "dominant-party system". This system refers to a system in which a party maintains its powerf at least 4-5 consecutive election periods or at least twenty years without interruption by overtaking other rivals constantly, in elections held on a legitimate basis based on competition. In this context, in Turkey, the AKP (Justice and Development Party) period overlaps with the dominant party system. On the other hand, although the dominant-party system is shown among the single-party systems in the classifications of political scientists, its emergence takes place within the democratic regime in which two or more parties have a chance to compete. In democratic regimes, the ultimate determinant of power is the public that is, the electorate. Hence the fact that the electorate persistently prefer a political party means that that party has naturally managed to win the favor of electorate. It is stated in the literature that there are many factors affecting the electorate' favor to political parties but economic factors play a determining role in shaping voter preferences among them. This makes it possible to make the assumption that the AKP set out high economic performance that will enable to gain the electorate favor. In this context, the aim of the study is to test this assumption and try to understand whether the actions in the economic field are determinant in the formation of the dominant party system. İn this respect in the study, the AKP's economic promises and success in its actions were discussed in the light of basic economic indicators, the data obtained were accepted as concrete findings and their relationship with voter preferences was analyzed.

A FACTOR TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LABOR EFFICIENCY ACCOUNT: THE FINANCIAL HEALTH STATUS OF THE EMPLOYEES

Oğuzhan TURGUT,, İsmail DALAY — 2026-07-16

Competition is an essential struggle to survive since the existence of life in the world and also, it is a concept that should be given importance for all businesses which aim to exist in today’s world. Businesses aim to increase their business performance in order to maximize their competitiveness, in this context, they work to increase efficiency as well. In this study, the financial health concept, which has been used frequently in the literature since recent years, and how may financial health concept possibly effects labor efficiency of businesses is explained. Also, why financial health of workforce shall be important in terms of businesses is tried to be answered.

GLASS POWDER ADDITIVE RAKU GLAZES APPLICATIONS

Özlem SAĞLIYAN SÖNMEZ, — 2026-07-16

Historically, Raku addresses the spiritual, religious, philosophical, ceremonial, and functional characteristics of a particular ceramic style. It was first developed in Kyoto, Japan during the Momoyama Period (1573-1615) in the late 16th century, and it was designed and developed specifically for the production of ceramic products to be used by Zen Buddhists in tea ceremonies. Billions of tons of solid waste occur all over the world, especially in densely populated residential areas. These solid wastes can harm human health as well as the environment biologically, chemically or physically. The recycling and reuse of solid wastes benefits us and the planet we live in by helping to ensure sustainability, conserve natural resources and reduce energy consumption. Considering the raw material content in ceramic art, it is seen that solid wastes are suitable for use, and using solid waste materials with the same chemical and structural properties instead of unused raw materials provides economic and environmental benefits. In this study, samples of raku glaze prepared with solid waste (glass powder) consisting of two different raku glaze recipes on two different ceramic bodies are examined.

EXAMINATION OF FOREIGN PLAYERS NUMBER OF PLAYING OF TURKEY FOOTBALL SUPER LEAGUE AND OTHER 5 MAJOR EUROPEAN LEAGUES

Oğuz GÜRKAN, — 2026-07-16

This study was carried out to examine the number of foreign players in the 5 major European League and Turkey Super League. Research Germany Bundesliga League, Italian Serie A League, English Premier League, French Ligue 1, Spanish La Liga and Turkey Super League have been included. In the study, football players in the 2019-2020 season were examined. The data of the numbers of foreign football players were obtained from the transfermrkt site and descriptive statistics were used to interpret the data. In line with the data obtained, the total number of players in the German Bundesliga League is 517, the number of foreign players is 275 (53.2%), the total number of players in the Italian Serie A League is 516, the number of foreign players is 309 (59.9%), the total number of players in the English Premier League is 513, the number of foreign players. 333 (64.9), the total number of football players in the French League 1 was 540, the number of foreign players was 250 (46.3), the total number of footballers in the Spanish La Liga League was 486, and the number of foreign players was 197 (40.55%). In Turkey Super League, the total number of 520 players, the number of foreign players in 269 (51.7), respectively. In the light of these data, the league with the highest number of foreign players is the English Premier League and the lowest is the Spanish La Liga League. Considering that the number of foreign football players in the five big European leagues is similar to our country, we can say that the problem of our country's football is not foreign restriction.

THE ROLE OF SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE ON ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY

Cem KAHYA, — 2026-07-16

Entrepreneurship plays a role as a catalyst in the economic development of countries. In today's business world, the key to success lies in creativity and innovation. The way to be creative and innovative is also through being an entrepreneur. In countries where great economic developments have been achieved in recent years, it is witnessed that the entrepreneurship training for the young population has increased and young people are directed towards entrepreneurship. It is seen that in our developing country, efforts are made to encourage young people to turn to entrepreneurship. In order to contribute to this process, the phenomenon of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, which reveals the capabilities of young people in seeing themselves as an entrepreneur in the future and the phenomenon of spiritual intelligence, which is thought to positively affect entrepreneurial self-efficacy, were discussed, and the relationship between these two phenomenons was questioned. As a result of the research, it was concluded that spiritual intelligence affects entrepreneurial self-efficacy significantly and positively.

THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF VIOLA AND 20TH CENTURY SOLO VIOLA REPERTOIRE

Fırat TAŞ, — 2026-07-16

This study is aimed towards demonstrating the 20th century composers’ contributions to the solo viola repertoire and listing the 20th century solo viola repertoire. The question of this study is selected to be “What are the contributions of the 20th century composers to the solo viola repertoire?” In relation to this question, three other sub-questions are examined. The center of the study is the viola works of the 20th century. However, in order to ensure that the data collected has been laid out on a veritable foundation, all the viola works of Baroque, Classic, and the Romantic Eras are examined. Also a great deal of consideration is then given to the status of the solo viola repertoire in the 20th century; a good majority of sources available to help answer the main question has been scanned to yield the entire collection of the solo repertoire. Therefore, no examplification method is used in the research, the aim has been to encompass the center of the study entirely. This research has been conducted in accordance with the source research model to establish the 20th century solo viola repertoire. Also interviews have been conducted with some of the experts in the field to benefit from their knowledge. All the data which has been collected by the scanning of the related sources are analyzed and a table of the solo works of viola is then given. Starting form the Baroque Era, all the solo viola works in the subsequent eras are compared in quantity, analyzed by percentile and frequential calculations, and thus commented on. The works that are drawn to the table are classified by whether the work is published through printing methods, and whether the work has been recorded.

LITERATURE REVIEW FOR THE EFFECT OF PLAY THERAPY ON CHILDREN'S SOCIO-EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Betül ÇAKICI,; Elif AK , Hande YILMAZ — 2026-07-16

Play is a field that provides both physiological and psychological development. While development is achieved, the bond established with the child is the subject of therapy.The child starts to communicate and interact with therapy. Within the scope of this research, the titles of play, its history, different play therapy models and socio-emotional development in childhood are included. The aim of this study is to examine postgraduate thesis studies that examine the effects of different play therapy models on children's socio-emotional development. The literature review method was used in the study, and in this context, the postgraduate theses available in the database of the Higher Education Council Thesis Center between 2000-2020 and open to access (with permission) were examined. It was observed that experimental and quasi-experimental research methods were used throughout the thesis studies in this field.The results of the studies are examined in detail, it is seen that different play therapy models have a positive effect on the socio-emotional development of children.

CULTURE AND GLOBALIZATION

Hüseyin AYDOĞDU, — 2026-07-16

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between culture and globalization. Today in particular, culture and globalization directly interact with one another in all areas. There is now a prevailing trend in the world to move from multiculturalism to monoculturalism. This in turn is causing the emergence of new concepts and issues such as global culture and cultural deprivation. Globalization first came into the picture as a result of modernity and the system of culture created by it. Although the idea of globalization had its roots in the term “citizen of the world” dating as far back as the Ancient Greek and Hellenistic Period, the discovery of the American continent marked its actual beginning. Tools of mass communication such as telegram, telephone, radio, television and internet in addition to transportation, fashion, democracy, justice and capital also played a part in the quickening pace of globalization. Whilst globalization had a positive contribution to democracy, freedom, justice and fundamental rights, it especially had an adverse effect on subcultures, namely cultural standardization. Liberalism utilizes the data from globalization in a more effective manner. Formation of a single world culture, i.e. the global culture, combined with the impact of liberalism, jeopardizes the existence of subcultures. Conceding that globalization is an unstoppable force, the right thing to do in the face of globalization would be to create a homogeneous culture in which subcultures can survive, and to reconfigure and study globalization through the lens of democracy, freedom, equality, justice, economic welfare and fundamental rights.

THE ASPECTS OF AHMET RIZA POSITIVISM THAT AFFECT THE REPUBLICIAN POLICIES

ALİ ÇİFTÇİ, — 2026-07-16

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of Ahmet Rıza's positivist thoughts, one of the important ideologists of the Committee of Union and Progress, on the post-Republic period. In this study, firstly, the political thoughts and effects of the Young Ottomans Movement were discussed. Afterwards, the differences of thought within the Committee of Union and Progress were discussed. Then, in this separation, Ahmet Rıza's political and philosophical line was defined. Information was given about the positivism movement that most influenced Ahmet Rıza and the positivism of Ahmet Rıza. Then positivism entry to Turkey was discussed. In the later parts of the study, the effects of Ahmet Rıza's thought in the Republic period are tried to be revealed with examples. Here, the words and concrete actions of Atatürk and some of the founding names are taken as basis. Actions and words in fields such as education, science, military, economics, development and religion were selected. It was concluded that some of Ahmet Rıza's political and philosophical views were highly influential in the Republic period. Among these are elitism, positivism, nationalism, centralism, and the weight of the military.

SPACE TOURISM INITIATIVES AND POSSIBLE PROBLEMS WITH SPACE TOURISM

Serap GÜRSEL, — 2026-07-16

Space tourism has started to take place among the most demanded niche tourism types that have many different types and contents. There are services designed by some leading private initiatives in space tourism packages that are especially within the scope of astro-tourism, which attract the attention of the public. These initiatives, which have made significant investments in space technology around the world, have carried out many pioneering projects in space tourism, including astro-space tourism. The space tourism services they designed in the future may cause legal problems today and in the future. First of all, the content, elements and features of space tourism are mentioned in the study. After that, remarkable space tourism initiatives were explained. Possible problems that may be encountered in space tourism are examined and suggestions for solutions are also included.

EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON PROFIT OR LOSS STATEMENT

İrfan ÖZEN, — 2026-07-16

In the new process that started with the Covid-19 outbreak, important economic results at both macro and micro levels are expected. These expectations are geared towards more pessimistic outcomes in some industries and businesses. In particular, tourism and airline businesses are expected to be greatly affected by the epidemic. The realization of these expectations should be tested with various techniques and data. One of the simplest ways to determine companies' exposure levels is to examine the financial statements of the companies involved. In the study, in order to determine the level of impact of the epidemic on businesses, the changes in the profit or loss table items of the companies included in the BIST-30 for the years 2019 and 2020 were analyzed using the horizontal analysis technique. In the study, the profit or loss tables of companies with close fields of activity were considered together and the companies were compared with each other to determine the effect of the epidemic. During the study period, it was determined that 16 out of 30 companies whose data regarding the relevant periods were disclosed in the PDP increased their net profit during the epidemic period, while the net profit of 14 companies decreased. It has been determined that the enterprises most affected by the epidemic are those that carry out airline transportation, oil and iron and steel activities, while other companies are positively or negatively affected by the epidemic at a low or medium level.

SUGGESTIONS FOR REFLECTING CERN TURKISH TEACHER PROGRAMME ON EDUCATIONAL CONTENT AND OUR EDUCATION SYSTEM

Arzu ÇALIMLI, — 2026-07-16

Science has always stood at the basis of the development of human being from existence until today. This existence has gained more importance with each passing century and has come to the present day. Therefore, the products resulting from scientific studies have become indispensable in people's lives. These developments have supported science to move from the national dimension to the global dimension. In this context, institutions that carry out scientific activities of international quality have emerged. CERN is considered to be the most prominent among these organizations. Studies conducted at CERN affect the whole world and make great contributions to the development of technology. In this context, the Turkish Teacher Workshops held at CERN were examined in our study and recommendations for the Turkish education system were compiled. The courses given in the trainings within the scope of the Turkish Teacher Programme (TTP) were divided into two parts as theoretical and practical. Research results in the Turkish Teachers Programme (TTP) covered by CERN with the objectives of the training' reputation for overlapping objectives of this training in the methods and techniques of teaching and learning activities carried out in Turkey has reached to the findings should be used as well. When results were examined, TTP training in the methods used and the techniques to be used also in the educational activities carried out in Turkey, considering the importance of particle physics, elementary school students about particle physics in their science lessons, protons, known as the building blocks of atoms, the atom next to the neutrons and electrons that the subatomic particles It has been observed that suitable materials such as games, activities, stories and similes should be used for this.

THE ROLE OF THE TOURIST GUIDE IN RECREATIVE ACTIVITY

Elif ŞENEL, — 2026-07-16

The aim of this study is to try to determine the information of the tourist guides in recreational areas in Eskişehir and to reveal the roles of tourists in recreational activities. The universe of the research consists of professional tourist guides who live in Eskişehir and actively provide guidance to local and foreign tourists. In this context, the sample of the study consists of 10 professional tourist guides selected with snowball sampling. Interview form consisting of 6 semi-structured questions was used as data collection tool. The interviews were held between January 1 and January 15, 2020 and lasted between 20 and 25 minutes. Descriptive analysis method, which is one of the qualitative data analysis methods, was used in analysis of the data. The participants have a general level of knowledge about recreation areas in Eskişehir. However, they have and lack of information whether there are elevator and staircase facilities in recreation areas, whether they have a suitable design for disadvantaged individuals and whether they have a suitable design for disadvantaged individuals and about the person’s capacities of recreational areas. Additionally, it is certain that they know the locations of hospitals and police stations but on the other hand the participants do not have information about the places to meet in case of a disaster or emergency about the case of the awareness of the security points in accordance with the analyzes. It is determined that they can also take more than one role according to the situation and time during the tour, and cultural roles and leadership roles are the leading roles that they play most during recreational activities. In the last part of the study, the results of the study were discussed and recommendations were made.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF BEYŞEHİR LAKE AND BASIN

Hüseyin BÜBER,,Okan BOZYURT — 2026-07-16

In recent years, due to global warming and with the effect of human factor in Lake Beysehir Basin, the water level has decreased due to cutting of the feet that feed the lake with embankment and dams, and sending of excess water from the lake to the Konya Plain regardless of the ecological status of the lake. Besides, this level of water decreases, sewerage wastes of the surrounding villages flow into the lake and have a large share in the pollution of the lake. In addition, the pesticides and fertilizers coming from the rivers to the lake by rain form a different pollutant. Under the influence of all these factors, these pollutants cause eutrophication in the lake due to the decrease in water level. With the formation of eutrophication, an oxygen-free environment is formed along the shore of the lake and an unpleasant smell pervades. One of the main reasons of eutrophication is the fact that the lake plants cover the entire surface of the lake as a result of the excessive proliferation and consequently the sun rays do not penetrate the depths of the lake sufficiently. Thus, an oxygen-free environment occurs in the lake and anaerobic bacteria emerge due to this environment. These bacteria cause unpleasant smells in certain parts of the lake.

QUALITY TRANSFORMATION APPLICATION TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN EDUCATION

Celal GÜLŞEN, — 2026-07-16

This research has been considered as part of a comprehensive thesis on "The Applicability of Total Quality Management to Primary Education and Inspection System in Primary Education". With this dimension, the research has been conducted in order to determine the tools and techniques used in the transformation to quality management understanding in educational administration. For this purpose, general scanning model was used in the research. In the quality transformation studies of educational institutions, it is seen that scientific methods are not used in the transformation efforts to learning organizations. It is known that in these educational institutions where traditional practices predominate, quality transformation studies generally do not reach the target. It is understood that scientific transformation tools and techniques are used effectively in organizations that have succeeded in quality transformation and transform their institutions into learning organizations. It should not be forgotten that quality transformation tools and techniques are very important in the process of change and innovation, but it should not be forgotten that these tools and techniques are not the method of change itself and the spirit of the process. At the end of the research, it was understood that it is necessary to use quality transformation tools and techniques in the process of transforming educational institutions into learning organizations. Based on this result, it is deemed necessary to improve especially the management processes in order to use scientific quality transformation tools and techniques in educational institutions.

EVALUATION OF THE USE OF XBRL IN FINANCIAL INFORMATION REPORTING IN LINE WITH IAS/IFRS

Feden KOÇ, — 2026-07-16

The adoptation of IAS/ IFRS (International Accounting Standards/ International Financial Reporting Standards) in financial reporting is crucial in terms of creating an international standardization for the creation and intelligibility of financial reports of companies in different geographic locations speaking different languages. However in our contemporary information age, where instant access to information is everything, the international standardization created with the IAS/ IFRS alone is not sufficient when companies need immediate access to financial reports. At this point, the development of a markup language called the Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) is of great importance. XBRL enables companies in countries adopting IAS/IFRS to label their financial data electronically with certain taxonomies created in line with these standards. In this regard, XBRL in financial reporting increases the reliability of financial data by enabling; financial information users to easily read the data by translating it to their native languages online, companies from all over the world to access financial data with minimal cost and financial reports to be easily read and analyzed . The study aims to introduce the XBRL business reporting language, to examine its relationship with IAS/IFRS and to explain how the basic components such as the specifications, taxonomies, and documents that make XBRL work. Additionally, the benefits of using XBRL for business interest groups in financial reporting are also adressed through presenting an example of labeling financial data in XBRL.

RESEARCH ON TISSUE OF DENIZLI-BULDAN CLOTH WITH MADDER (RUBIA TINCTORUM L.)

Hürrem Sinem ŞANLI,; Gözde KEMER GÜRSOY , Meltem GÖKSEL KABALCI — 2026-07-16

Paints and dyes, which have become important in the history of humanity as a result of aesthetic concerns, have been used to make the existing thing beautiful and different. In the process until the production of chemical dyes, different color scales are obtained by using the shells of plants, insects and sea creatures as dyestuffs. In Turkey, dyes are obtained from approximately 150 different plant species. The colors obtained from these plants, which are endemic according to the region where they grow, are in pastel tones. Today, eco-frendly products are produced with natural dyeing, which has become quite remarkable with the return to nature and nature in recent years. One of these plants is madder, which has an important place in natural dyeing activities and is still used in different industrial branches from past to present, especially weaving. In this study, Buldan Cloth, which is one of the local weavings of Denizli, is colored with madder, which is used to obtain the perennial plant red and its shades. It is aimed to obtain new surfaces by using batik technique with three different dyeing methods with mordant and without mordant

A NEW PERIOD IN HEALTHCARE: MOBILE HEALTH

Nevin AYDIN, — 2026-07-16

Mobile healthcare enables mobile devices to effectively collect health data and monitor a patient's health status. Examples of mobile devices used include tablets, PDAs, smartphones, smart clocks, smart glasses, smart TVs, wearable technologies as well as portable or hospital-installed sensors that collect data. The evaluation of the collected data through these devices allows the health experts to remotely monitor the treatment and help make almost error-free health-related decisions. Smartphones are predicted to play an important role in improving healthcare industry in the future. Mobile health, which finds wide application areas such as informing SMS messages about diseases, sending medical data from portable or wearable devices; is now rapidly spreading in developing or developed countries in the world. Early diagnosis and treatment, preventive healthcare, more effective follow-up of chronic diseases, decreased need for hospitalization which in turn decreased costs, gained time in treatment of diseases are few of the advantages of the mobile health in the future. Making mobile health applications more widespread, being able to effectively incorporate it into functioning health systems, making legal arrangements, and ensuring data security will result in a more reliable mobile health market. As the new applications in mobile health are deployed in the form of pilot projects, it is expected that doctors and patients will exhibit some behavioral changes. Through smartphone applications, the future generations will be more conscious about their health, be able to better manage and serve healthcare systems.