Author :
Abstract
Bu çalışmada çevresel Kuznets eğrisi hipotezi İsveç için 1960 ve 2014 yılları arasında incelenmiştir. Çevresel Kuznets eğrisi, GDP, CO2 ve enerji tüketimi (EN), ve GDP, CO2 , EN ve GDP’nin karesi ilişkileri altında incelenmiştir. GDP, CO2 ve EN arasındaki nedensel ve uzun vadeli ilişkiler İsveç için ARDL bounds test for cointegration ve Toda and Yamamoto Granger non-causality test testleri ile incelenmiştir. GDP, CO2 , EN ve GDP’nin karesi arasındaki uzun vadeli ilişkiler ARDL bounds test ile incelenmiştir. Çevresel Kuznets eğrisi hipotezi İsveç için doğrulanmamıştır, GDP ve EN arasındaki bir nedensel ilişki bulunmamıştır ve EN’den CO2’ye tek yönlü nedensel ilişki bulunmuştur. Neutrality hipotezi İsveç için doğrulanmıştır.
Keywords
Abstract
In this study, EKC hypothesis is examined for Sweden for the period between 1960 and 2014. EKC hypothesis is examined under two nexus which are GDP, CO2 and energy consumption (EN), and GDP, CO2, energy consumption and the square of GDP. Causal and long-term relationships between GDP, CO2 and EN are examined for Sweden by ARDL bounds test for cointegration and Toda and Yamamoto Granger non-causality test. Long-term relationships between GDP, CO2, EN and the square of GDP are examined by ARDL Bounds Test. EKC hypothesis is not confirmed for Sweden, no causal relationships are found between GDP and EN, and unidirectional causality is found from EN to CO2. Neutrality hypothesis is confirmed for Sweden. No causality is found between CO2 and GDP.
Keywords
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