Author :
Abstract
Sürdürülebilir yapı kavramı ve buna bağlı çevresel değerlendirme yöntemlerinin 1990’lı yıllardan itibaren geliştirildiği ve yapıların çevresel performanslarının ölçümlendiği görülmektedir. Bu sistemlerin her birinin geliştirildiği ülkeninin yerel koşullarına uygun olarak oluşturulduğu ancak, içlerinden bir kaçının uluslararası önem kazanarak bir çok ülkede yaygınlaştığı gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, sürdürülebilir yapı ile ilgili uluslararası kabul görmüş temel metin ve kavramlar incelenmiştir. Sürdürülebilir yapı kavram ve ilkelerine göre anahtar temalar ve anahtar başlıklar saptanmıştır. Uluslararası kabul görmüş Çevresel Değerlendirme Yöntemleri’nin (EAM), ana kategorileri ve konuları, özgün birincil kaynaklardan belirlenerek karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Her bir sistem kendi ortaya konduğu ülkenin ulusal, bölgesel ve yerel koşullarına uygun oluşturulmuşken, LEED, BREEAM, vb. gibi değerlendirme sistemlerinin ortaya çıktıkları ülkelerin dışında, koşulları oldukça farklı ülkelerde uygulanması, gerçekçi değerlendirme yapabilmeyi güçleştirmekte ve hatta mümkün kılmamaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu sistemleri her ülkede uygulanabilecek tip sistemlere dönüştürmek uygun ve gerçekçi bir çözüm olarak gözükmemektedir.
Keywords
Abstract
It has been seen that since 1990s sustainable construction concept and the environmental assessments methods related to this have been developed and the environmental performances of the buildings have been assessed. These systems are shaped according to the conditions of the producer country but some of them has gained importance internationally and spread among many country. In this study, internationally accepted basic texts and concepts on Sustainable Construction were examined. Key themes and key topics have been drawn up and tabulated according to the concepts and principles of Sustainable Construction. The Environmental Assessments Methods (EAM), which is internationally recognized, was examined from its original primary sources to determine the main categories and topics. The fourteen different assessment methods have been studied comparatively. But since every system is shaped according to their national regional and local conditions of the country it is produced, the assessment systems like LEED, BREEAM, etc. make it hard to do a realistic assessment in another country than its own, it can be even said that it make assessment impossible in a country where the conditions are very different. Instead of this, especially for under-developed countries it could be suitable to shape a global and flexible assessment framework which could be used adaptable to every country’s national regional and local conditions.
Keywords
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